How is tuberculosis primarily transmitted?

Tuberculosis (TB) is primarily transmitted through the inhalation of airborne bacteria. When a person with active TB disease coughs, sneezes, or talks, tiny droplets containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria are released into the air. Others can then inhale these droplets, which leads to the transmission of the disease.

While skin contact, contaminated food, and insect vectors can transmit various infections, they are not the primary means by which tuberculosis spreads. Skin contact might lead to the spread of skin infections, contaminated food can result in gastrointestinal infections, and insects typically do not play a role in TB transmission. The airborne nature of TB transmission highlights the importance of respiratory hygiene and proper ventilation in settings where TB may be a concern. Understanding this mode of transmission is crucial for both preventing the spread of tuberculosis and for effective public health initiatives aimed at controlling the disease.