Which of the following is part of the basic needs defined by Maslow?

The basic needs defined by Maslow's hierarchy primarily focus on physiological requirements essential for human survival. These include oxygen, food, water, and sleep, which are foundational to maintaining health and functioning. According to Maslow, these needs must be met before individuals can address higher-level psychological and self-fulfillment needs, such as safety, belongingness, esteem, and ultimately self-actualization.

The other options listed, while important in various contexts, do not fit into the category of basic physiological needs. Education falls under cognitive needs, social relationships pertain to psychological needs, and fame and recognition relate to esteem needs. These are higher on Maslow's hierarchy and depend on the fulfillment of basic needs before they can be prioritized. Thus, the correct identification of oxygen, food, water, and sleep underscores the foundational aspect of human needs essential for survival and well-being.