Which of the following is a complication of immobility that can result from prolonged bed rest?

Decubitus ulcers, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, are a significant complication that can arise from immobility and prolonged bed rest. When an individual remains in one position for an extended period, particularly if they are unable to shift their weight, the pressure exerted on certain areas of the body—especially bony prominences like the heels, elbows, and sacrum—can reduce blood flow to the skin and underlying tissues. This decreased circulation can lead to tissue damage, resulting in the formation of these ulcers.

Recognizing the risk of decubitus ulcers is crucial for caregivers and healthcare providers, as they require proactive measures such as frequent repositioning, use of specialized mattresses, and maintaining good skin hygiene to prevent their occurrence. Proper care can significantly reduce the risk of pressure ulcers, emphasizing the importance of mobility and repositioning for individuals on prolonged bed rest.

Other options such as frequent walking, enhanced muscle tone, and improved mental health, do not correlate to complications arising from immobility. In fact, frequent walking is a preventive measure against immobility-related complications, while enhanced muscle tone and improved mental health are outcomes associated with mobility rather than inactivity.